# Expanding a FreeBSD FileSystem on a VM

If a VM is getting a bit tight for disk space, you can expand the size of a drive.  This example is the more difficult one of expanding the primary drive.  The example uses the instance name work0psg.com, which should be replaced by your own, of course.

## Tell Ganeti to Grow the Disk

First you need to make the Ganeti disk allocation larger.

```
gnt-instance grow-disk work0.psg.com 0 100G
```

grows the priimary drive by 100G.

This allocates more disk in Ganeti and creates a larger partition.  But it does not tell FreeBSD that the disk is bigger.

Also, like many gnt-instance modify commands, it will not take effect until the next Ganeti start, not reboot within the VM, but a real Ganeti instance reboot or shutdown/start.

## It is Best to do this in Single User

Boot into single user

```
Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh: 
```

## Set-Up

Confirm the disk is allocated as expected.  Note that the new allocation will not show yet.

```
:/# gpart show vtbd0
=>       34  209715133  vtbd0  GPT  (200G) [CORRUPT]
         34        128      1  freebsd-boot  (64K)
        162  201326464      2  freebsd-ufs  (96G)
  201326626    8388540      3  freebsd-swap  (4.0G)
  209715166          1         - free -  (512B)
```

Everything says to turn swap off, but I think it is normall off in single user

```
:/# swapoff /dev/vtbd0p3
swapoff: /dev/vtbd0p3: Invalid argument
```

## Get FreeBSD to See the New Space

Tell gpart to find the new space

```
:/# gpart recover vtbd0
vtbd0 recovered
```

Now we can see the new space

```
:/# gpart show vtbd0
=>       34  419430333  vtbd0  GPT  (200G)
         34        128      1  freebsd-boot  (64K)
        162  201326464      2  freebsd-ufs  (96G)
  201326626    8388540      3  freebsd-swap  (4.0G)
  209715166  209715201         - free -  (100G)
```

## Get Swap Out of the Way and Expand the Partition

Get the swap partition out of the way

```
:/# gpart delete -i 3 vtbd0
vtbd0p3 deleted

:/# gpart show vtbd0
=>       34  419430333  vtbd0  GPT  (200G)
         34        128      1  freebsd-boot  (64K)
        162  201326464      2  freebsd-ufs  (96G)
  201326626  218103741         - free -  (104G)
```

Grow the data partition, being sure to leave room for the swap partition

```
:/# gpart resize -i 2 -a 4k -s 196G vtbd0
vtbd0p2 resized
```

See that it grew.

```
:/# gpart show vtbd0
=>       34  419430333  vtbd0  GPT  (200G)
         34        128      1  freebsd-boot  (64K)
        162  411041790      2  freebsd-ufs  (196G)
  411041952    8388415         - free -  (4.0G)
```

## Make a Swap Partition

Recreate a swap partiton

```
:/# gpart add -t freebsd-swap -a 4k vtbd0
vtbd0p3 added
```

See that it is as expected

```
:/# gpart show vtbd0
=>       34  419430333  vtbd0  GPT  (200G)
         34        128      1  freebsd-boot  (64K)
        162  411041790      2  freebsd-ufs  (196G)
  411041952    8388408      3  freebsd-swap  (4.0G)
  419430360          7         - free -  (3.5K)
```

Turn swap on, but probably not needed in single user

```
:/# swapon /dev/vtbd0p3
```

## Tell FreeBSD to Expand the FileSystem to Fill Partition

The last move is to tell FreeBSD to detect the larger space and grow the file system to fill it

```
:/# growfs /dev/vtbd0p2
It's strongly recommended to make a backup before growing the file system.
OK to grow filesystem on /dev/vtbd0p2, mounted on /, from 96GB to 196GB? [Yes/No] Yes
super-block backups (for fsck_ffs -b #) at:
 201352064, 202634560, 203917056, 205199552, 206482048, 207764544, 209047040,
 210329536, 211612032, 212894528, 214177024, 215459520, 216742016, 218024512,
 219307008, 220589504, 221872000, 223154496, 224436992, 225719488, 227001984,
 228284480, 229566976, 230849472, 232131968, 233414464, 234696960, 235979456,
 237261952, 238544448, 239826944, 241109440, 242391936, 243674432, 244956928,
 246239424, 247521920, 248804416, 250086912, 251369408, 252651904, 253934400,
 255216896, 256499392, 257781888, 259064384, 260346880, 261629376, 262911872,
 264194368, 265476864, 266759360, 268041856, 269324352, 270606848, 271889344,
 273171840, 274454336, 275736832, 277019328, 278301824, 279584320, 280866816,
 282149312, 283431808, 284714304, 285996800, 287279296, 288561792, 289844288,
 291126784, 292409280, 293691776, 294974272, 296256768, 297539264, 298821760,
 300104256, 301386752, 302669248, 303951744, 305234240, 306516736, 307799232,
 309081728, 310364224, 311646720, 312929216, 314211712, 315494208, 316776704,
 318059200, 319341696, 320624192, 321906688, 323189184, 324471680, 325754176,
 327036672, 328319168, 329601664, 330884160, 332166656, 333449152, 334731648,
 336014144, 337296640, 338579136, 339861632, 341144128, 342426624, 343709120,
 344991616, 346274112, 347556608, 348839104, 350121600, 351404096, 352686592,
 353969088, 355251584, 356534080, 357816576, 359099072, 360381568, 361664064,
 362946560, 364229056, 365511552, 366794048, 368076544, 369359040, 370641536,
 371924032, 373206528, 374489024, 375771520, 377054016, 378336512, 379619008,
 380901504, 382184000, 383466496, 384748992, 386031488, 387313984, 388596480,
 389878976, 391161472, 392443968, 393726464, 395008960, 396291456, 397573952,
 398856448, 400138944, 401421440, 402703936, 403986432, 405268928, 406551424,
 407833920, 409116416, 410398912
```

And Bob's your uncle!

```
:/# df -h
Filesystem      Size    Used   Avail Capacity  Mounted on
/dev/vtbd0p2    190G     86G     89G    49%    /
devfs           1.0K    1.0K      0B   100%    /dev
```