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+# Expanding a Linux Disk on a VM
+
+If a VM is getting a bit tight for disk space, you can expand the size of a drive.  This example is the more difficult one of expanding the primary drive.  The example uses the instance name rpki.dfw.rg.net, which should be replaced by your own, of course.
+
+## Tell Ganeti to Grow the Disk
+
+**Unless you want the glow-disk to take a very long time, turn off drbd for the instance and turn it back on at the end of all this.**
+
+```
+gnt-instance stop rpki.dfw.rg.net
+gnt-instance modify -t plain --no-wait-for-sync rpki.dfw.rg.net
+gnt-instance start rpki.dfw.rg.net
+```
+
+First you need to make the Ganeti disk allocation larger.
+
+```
+gnt-instance grow-disk rpki.dfw.rg.net 0 8G
+```
+
+grows the priimary drive by 8G.
+
+This allocates more disk in Ganeti and creates a larger partition. But it does not tell Linux that the disk is bigger.
+
+Also, like many gnt-instance modify commands, it will not take effect until the next Ganeti start, not reboot within the VM, but a real Ganeti instance reboot or shutdown/start.
+
+## Increasing the Linux Partition Size
+
+You can not grow the primary partion while running it.  So stop the instance
+
+```
+gnt-instance shutdown rpki.dfw.rg.net
+```
+
+You will need the VNC console, so get the port number
+
+```
+gnt-instance info rpki.dfw.rg.net | grep console
+  console connection: vnc to vm3.dfw.rg.net:11014 (display 5114)
+    serial_console: True
+```
+
+11014 in this example
+
+You will also need the cluster VNC password, which is in `/etc/ganeti/vnc-cluster-password`
+
+Boot from an appropriate CD ROM.  Note that you need a desktop ISO,  not a server
+
+```
+gnt-instance start -H boot_order=cdrom,cdrom_image_path=/ISOs/ubuntu-16.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso rpki.dfw.rg.net
+```
+
+And then start VNC to the console.
+
+- Choose Try Ubuntu
+- Choose the File Drawer
+- Choose the Computer Device
+- Click on the Search Magnifying Glass
+- Type 'gparted'
+- There will be a 'gparted' icon, click it to run gparted
+- [ there must be an easier way to do this ]
+
+To expand the /dev/vda1 ext4 partition, you have to get the swap and extended partitions out of the way.
+
+- Right click swap and turn Swapoff
+- Right click the swap partition again and delete it
+- Right click the exttended partition and delete it
+- Click Edit in the menu bar and Apply All Operations
+- Confirm, and when it's done, say thank you
+
+You now should have the /dev/vda1 ext4 partition and a big unused partition.  Now you can grow the /dev/vda1.  But remember to leave room to create a new swap partition.
+
+N.B. If you have a disk with LVM2 partitions, gparted will automatically activate them. This will prevent you from resizing the partition with  grow/resize. You can turn the LogicalVolumes off with 'vgchange -a n'.
+
+Now
+
+- Right click /dev/vda1 and select Resize/Move
+- You can drag the bar or crank numbers in
+- Be sure to leave room for a swap partition
+- Click Resize/Move
+- Right click the unallocated partition and select New
+- Create as: Primary Partition
+- File system: linux-swap
+- Add the all the remaining unallocated disk space (unless you had other plans)
+- Click Edit in the menu bar and Apply All Operations
+- Confirm, and when it's done, say thank you
+
+You should now have /dev/vda1 with an increased size and /dev/vda2 as a linux-swap partition.
+
+Quit gparted and shut-down the linux desktop system.
+
+You should now be able to start the VM
+
+```
+gnt-instance reboot rpki.dfw.rg.net
+```
+
+and find that it has been resized.  It may take a while to restart. I suspect drbd, but really have no idea.
+
+Once it has booted, ssh in as root and
+
+```
+resize2fs
+```
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