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+# Moving a FreeBSD 9.3-STABLE System to 10.1.0-RELEASE
+
+In order to move from maintaining a FreeBSD system using source updates and manual builds, one needs to get it on a release track.  One way to do this is to upgrade it to the next release by doing a final source build.  Unfortunately, there is no FreeBSD 9 release after FreeBSD 9.3. So one has to jump to 10.x.  At the time of writing 10.1.0-RELEASE was the most current.
+
+## Getting the Source for 10.1-RELEASE
+
+### The Plan for Fetching Source
+
+I wanted to save the old source tree just in case, before getting the new one.  So I moved /usr/src out of the way and grabbed the release via svn.
+
+```
+mv /usr/src /usr/src.old
+rm -rf /usr/obj
+mkdir /usr/src
+cd /usr/src
+svn checkout https://svn0.us-west.freebsd.org/base/releng/10.1/ /usr/src
+```
+
+### The Reality
+
+Unfortunately this failed
+
+```
+# svn checkout https://svn0.us-west.freebsd.org/base/release/10.1.0/ /usr/src       
+svn: E000064: Unable to connect to a repository at URL 'https://svn0.us-west.freebsd.org/base/release/10.1.0'
+svn: E000064: Error running context: Host is down
+```
+
+After 20 minutes of wasted debugging, it turned out that there was a DNS entry for an AAAA, but the server was not reachable via IPv6
+
+```
+# ping6 svn0.us-west.freebsd.org
+PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) 2001:418:1::27 --> 2001:1900:2254:206a::e6a:0
+^C
+--- svnmir.ysv.freebsd.org ping6 statistics ---
+5 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100.0% packet loss
+```
+
+So I turned off IPv6 and the svn ran successfully.  <sad face>
+
+## Building the 10.1 release
+
+### The Instructions
+
+The classic instructions from /usr/src/UPDATING are
+
+```
+To upgrade in-place from stable to current
+----------------------------------------------
+<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
+make buildworld                                 [9]
+make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE           [8]
+                                                [1]
+<reboot in single user>                         [3]
+mergemaster -p                                  [5]
+make installworld
+mergemaster -i                                  [4]
+make delete-old                                 [6]
+<reboot>
+```
+
+### What I Actually Did
+
+My habits were slightly different.  So I did the following
+
+#### Build World and Kernel
+
+Note that one first builds the new world but does not install it, so that the kernel will be built with the new compiler and library.
+
+```
+time make buildworld 2>&1 | tee buildworld.log
+time make kernel 2>&1 | tee kernel.log
+```
+
+Note that this last has installed the new kernel, so you are committed.
+
+If you turned IPv6 off in /etc/rc.conf you may want to re-enable it.
+
+### Finish Installation of the New World
+
+At or before this point, it is wise to test that you have serial (or VGA) console.  You're gonna need it.
+
+Now boot the new kernel in single user mode.
+
+```
+shutdown now
+```
+
+Then install the world as built in the previous steps. From the serial (or VGA) console,
+
+```
+export TERM=vt100
+mergemaster -p
+cd /usr/src
+time make installworld 2>&1 > installworld.log
+# check installworld.log to be sure it's ok
+tail installworld.log
+mergemaster -cviFU
+```
+
+In once case, after installworld, mergemaster got a jillion
+
+```
+<jemalloc>: Conf string ends with key
+```
+
+The hack is to
+
+```
+rm /etc/malloc.conf
+```
+
+and rerun installworld.
+
+## Finally, Boot into the New System
+
+One should now be able to boot multi-user.  Careful inspection of the boot console output would be wise.
+
+```
+reboot
+```
+
+One should get to the current security patch level.
+
+```
+freebsd-update fetch
+freebsd-update install
+```
+
+And a reboot would probably be wise, as there was likely a kernel or other critical component update.
+
+### Oopsie!
+
+The reboot gave me
+
+```
+Configuring syscons: keymap keyrate blanktime.
+Performing sanity check on sshd configuration.
+Shared object "libkrb5.so.11" not found, required by "sshd"
+/etc/rc: WARNING: failed precmd routine for sshd
+```
+
+I had to go in over serial console and
+
+```
+cd /usr/src/secure/lib/libssh
+make
+make install
+cd /usr/src/secure/usr.sbin/sshd
+make
+make install
+cd /usr/src/lib/libgssapi
+make
+make install
+service sshd restart
+```
+
+to get going again.  I never debugged this, just hacked.
+
+## And Rebuild Ports
+
+It is recommend that one rebuild all installed ports.
+
+```
+pkg-static install -f pkg
+portmaster -af
+```
+
+If portmaster has a bad day, fix whatever caused it to barf and
+
+```
+portmaster -af -R 
+```
+
+to resume without rebuilding what it already rebuilt.
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